What is the effective range of a GNSS measurement influenced by?

The effective range of a GNSS measurement is influenced by multiple factors that contribute to the accuracy and reliability of the positioning data obtained.

Environmental conditions, such as the presence of obstructions like buildings, trees, or atmospheric phenomena (e.g., ionospheric or tropospheric delays), can affect signal quality and reception, leading to potential inaccuracies in measurements.

Receiver specifications are crucial as well, because different GNSS receivers have varying capabilities in terms of sensitivity, multi-frequency support, and signal processing efficiency. A high-quality receiver can better handle weak signals and mitigate errors compared to a lower quality one.

Satellite positions are also a significant factor. The geometry of the satellites relative to the receiver (known as satellite geometry) can impact the precision of the measurement. A well-distributed arrangement of satellites generally results in more accurate positioning than a poor geometry where satellites are clustered together.

Given these interconnected factors—environmental conditions, receiver specifications, and satellite positions—each plays a vital role in determining the effective range of GNSS measurements. Hence, the correct answer encompasses all these influences, indicating that the effective range is not determined by a single factor, but rather a combination of all listed influences.