What is hydrographic surveying primarily concerned with?

Hydrographic surveying is primarily focused on gathering data about the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of bodies of water. This field of study is crucial for understanding various aspects of aquatic environments, such as water depth, currents, and the characteristics of surrounding ecosystems. The data collected through hydrographic surveys is essential for navigation, marine engineering, resource management, and environmental protection.

Measuring land elevation and topography pertains to terrestrial surveying, which is distinct from hydrographic surveying. Mapping urban infrastructure involves the assessment of constructed features and development patterns, separate from the specific focus on water bodies. Analyzing soil composition deals with land and geological studies, not the water itself. Thus, the correct response highlights the unique scope of hydrographic surveying in relation to water bodies and their attributes.