In survey practice, what is the purpose of baseline interferometry?

Baseline interferometry plays a crucial role in geodetic practice, particularly in monitoring and understanding the motion of tectonic plates. This technique utilizes the principles of interferometry, which involves comparing the phase of signals received from satellites to measure the changes in distance between these satellites and points on the Earth's surface with high precision.

By analyzing these measurements over time, geodetic engineers can detect subtle movements and shifts in the Earth's crust, which are indicative of tectonic activity. Understanding these movements is essential for assessing earthquake risks, studying fault lines, and making informed decisions in civil engineering and urban planning.

The other options, while related to various aspects of geodesy and positioning, do not fully capture the primary application of baseline interferometry in the context of tectonic plate motion. For example, while measuring distances to satellites or determining point coordinates involve important surveying practices, they do not focus specifically on the temporal analysis required for observing tectonic movements. Similarly, calculating geodetic corrections is essential for ensuring accurate measurements, but it is not the primary purpose of baseline interferometry.